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Introduction: Population around the world are rapidly aging, the increasing number of elderly in the world is expected to be a new problem for world health. Aging presents both challenges and opportunit ies. In this aging process, several changes concerning the biological, psychological, social and spiritual aspects, is expected to occur.
Indonesia has entered the country as well as the provisions of the old population structure of the world body because of the increased number of erderly people that almost reached more than 7 percent. The purpose of this research was to determine Mean Level of Depression among the Elderly based on each indicator of GDS Instrument. Methods: This study descriptive analyzed, quantitative methode. The number of research samples was 60 elderly. Data unvaried analyzed to each indicator Depression of modifications GDS Instrrument.
Result s: Level of each indicators of modifications Geriatrics Depression Scale (GDS) that is Physical aspect obtained the general weighted mean of 2.86 with verbal interpretation moderate level, Psychological aspect got the general weighted mean of 2.95 with verbal interpretation of moderate level and Social aspect got the general weighted mean of 2.92 with verbal interpretation of moderate level. Conclusions: Clients who are experiencing depression becomes helpless because of loss of energy, Hopelessness and problem of interaction with environment such as family members and friends.
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Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
Background: Mental health problems, especially depression, have a major impact on the elderly. Depression is a major contributor to the burden of disease globally which can cause suicide. This study aimed to determine the factors that influence depression in the elderly.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. It was conducted from October to December 2018. A total of 200 elderly was selected by simple random sampling.
The dependent variable was depression. The independent variables were income, history of chronic illness, family function, social interaction, social support, social isolation, and loneliness. Data on depression was measured by Geriatric Depression Scale 15 (GDS-15). The other data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Results: The risk of depression in elderly increased with history of chronic illness (OR= 8.03; 95% CI= 1.48 to 43.42; p= 0.016), social isolation (OR= 6.05; 95% CI= 1.41 to 25.98; p= 0.015), and loneliness (OR= 7.14; 95% CI= 1.62 to 31.41; p= 0.009). It decreased with high income (OR= 0.14; 95% CI= 0.03 to 0.60; p= 0.008), strong family function (OR= 0.13; 95% CI= 0.02 to 0.67; p= 0.014), strong social interaction (OR= 0.11; 95% CI= 0.02 to 0.48; p= 0.003), and strong social support (OR= 0.16; 95% CI= 0.04 to 0.65; p= 0.011).Conclusion: The risk of depression in the elderly increases with a history of chronic illness, social isolation, and loneliness. It decreases with high income, strong family function, strong social interaction, and strong social support.Keywords: depression, elderly, income, chronic illness, family function, social factors, lonelinessCorrespondence: Christiana Sri Wahyuningsih.
Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. 36 A, Surakarta, Indonesia. Email:[email protected]: +924.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2019, 4(3): 171-179.
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